In This Guide...
Click on the links below for further information on referencing each material type
- Why is Referencing Important?
- Getting Started
- References by Format
- Citing Info Someone Else has Cited
- No Authors
- 1, 2 or More Authors
- No Editors
- 1, 2 or More Editors
- Chapters in Books
- Company Reports
- Company Profiles
- Online
- Websites
- Blogs
- Web Images
- Web Documents
- Computer Software
- CMO Articles
- Online
- Audio-Visual Material
- Online
- Citing Patents: Examples
- Citing Patents: Standards
- Citing Theses: Examples
- A table of examples in all formats for quick reference
References by Format
This guide divides references into different formats for ease of use. Hover your cursor over the Reference Formats tab to select the format you want, or select from the links below.
The overarching principle in referencing or citing is that readers should be able to follow your sources if they are interested in finding out more about a topic and that you should acknowledge other authors whose ideas or information you have used.
- Books / E-BooksBooks: single author, 2 or 3 authors, more than 3 authors, no author, editor, 2 or more editors, organisation as author, chapter or article in edited book.
E-books: chapter or article in an edited e-book, different works by same author in same year - Company InformationCompany Information: Reports, Profiles
- Conference ProceedingsConference Proceedings: print, electronic and unpublished
- Internet / WebsitesGeneral: Websites, Web Documents, Blogs, Images, Tables & Figures
Webpage: No Author, No Date - Journal ArticlesJournal Articles: In Print, Online, In CMO
- Multimedia FormatsVideo: Video, TV Program, Video Podcast, Video Blog Post
Audio: Podcast, Album Track, Recording by Artist Other Than Writer - Newspaper ArticlesNewspaper Articles: In Print, From a Database, From a Website
- Patents and StandardsPatents: In Print, From a Database
Standards: Published, From a Database - ThesesTheses: Published, Unpublished, From a Database
What if I want to cite some information that someone else has cited?
If you read an article or book which cites some information that you want to cite, always refer to the source where you found the information, not the original source. For example:
Sue reads an article by Alex Byrne in the Australian Library Journal in which he cites or refers to statements made by Tim O'Reilly on his website at http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html Sue wants to refer to O'Reilly's statement in her assignment.
Sue would acknowledge O'Reilly in her text but her reference is to the source where she saw the information. Sue might write as her in-text reference:
(O'Reilly, cited in Byrne 2008)
In her reference list Sue would write a reference for Byrne's article because that's where she sourced the information. The entry in her References would be:
