Internal Medicine Residency Readings: July - Dec 2016

Kass SM, Williams PM, Reamy BV. Pleurisy. Am Fam Physician. 2007 May 1;75(9):1357-64. Review. PubMed PMID: 17508531.

Mandell LA. Community-acquired pneumonia: An overview. Postgrad Med. 2015 Aug;127(6):607-15. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2015.1074030. Review. PubMed PMID: 26224210.

Miller RF, Huang L, Walzer PD. Pneumocystis pneumonia associated with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Chest Med. 2013 Jun;34(2):229-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2013.02.001. Review. PubMed PMID: 23702173.

Khambaty MM, Hsu SS. Dermatology of the patient with HIV. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2010 May;28(2):355-68. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2010.01.001. Review. PubMed PMID: 20413018.

Eickhoff CA, Decker CF. Syphilis. Dis Mon. 2016 Aug;62(8):280-6. doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.012. Review. PubMed PMID: 27091635.

Lautenschlager S. Cutaneous manifestations of syphilis : recognition and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2006;7(5):291-304. Review. PubMed PMID: 17007540.

Chauhan A, Wigton MD, Palmer BA. Necrotizing fasciitis. J Hand Surg Am. 2014 Aug;39(8):1598-601; quiz 1602. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.04.010. Review. PubMed PMID: 24861383.

LRINEC score
4 points if CRP ≥ 150 mg/L
1 point if white blood cell count 15-25/mm3, 2 points if > 25/mm3
1 point if hemoglobin 11-13.5 g/dL, 2 points if < 11 g/dL
2 points if sodium < 135 mmol/L (135 mEq/L)
2 points if creatinine > 141 mcmol/L (1.85 mg/dL)
1 point if glucose > 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL)

Sultan HY, Boyle AA, Sheppard N. Necrotising fasciitis. BMJ. 2012 Jul 20;345:e4274. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e4274. Review. PubMed PMID: 22822005.

Moore KP, Aithal GP. Guidelines on the management of ascites in cirrhosis. Gut. 2006 Oct;55 Suppl 6:vi1-12. PubMed PMID: 16966752; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1860002.

Tefferi A, Barbui T. Essential Thrombocythemia and Polycythemia Vera: Focus on Clinical Practice. Mayo Proc. 2015 Sep;90(9):1283-93. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.05.014. Review. PubMed PMID: 26355403.

Heuberger JA, Cohen Tervaert JM, Schepers FM, Vliegenthart AD, Rotmans JI, Daniels JM, Burggraaf J, Cohen AF. Erythropoietin doping in cycling: lack of evidence for efficacy and a negative risk-benefit. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jun;75(6):1406-21. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12034. Review. PubMed PMID: 23216370; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3690100.

Tefferi A, Pardanani A. Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Contemporary Review.
JAMA Oncol. 2015 Apr;1(1):97-105. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.89. Review. PubMed
PMID: 26182311.

ingla V, Singh B, Singh Y, Manjunath CN. Ashman phenomenon: a physiological aberration. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 May 24;2013. pii: bcr2013009660. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-009660. PubMed PMID: 23709552; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3669876.

İkizoğlu G. Red face revisited: Flushing. Clin Dermatol. 2014 Nov-Dec;32(6):800-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.02.019. Review. PubMed PMID: 25441473.

Schuch A, Brockow K. Mastocytosis and Anaphylaxis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2017 Feb;37(1):153-164. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2016.08.017. Review. PubMed PMID: 27886904.

Theoharides TC, Valent P, Akin C. Mast Cells, Mastocytosis, and Related Disorders. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jul 9;373(2):163-72. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1409760. Review. PubMed PMID: 26154789.

Ward D, Parvizi J. Management of Hip Pain in Young Adults. Orthop Clin North Am. 2016 Jul;47(3):485-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2016.03.002. Review. PubMed PMID: 27241373.

Karrasch C, Lynch S. Practical approach to hip pain. Med Clin North Am. 2014 Jul;98(4):737-54, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2014.03.003. Review. PubMed PMID: 24994049.

Brannan SR, Jerrard DA. Synovial fluid analysis. J Emerg Med. 2006 Apr;30(3):331-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 16677989.

Hannu T. Reactive arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2011 Jun;25(3):347-57. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2011.01.018. Review. PubMed PMID: 22100285.

Said A, Haddad RY, Stein R, Lerma EV. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Dis Mon. 2014 Oct;60(10):500-4. doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2014.08.005. Review. PubMed PMID: 25278278.

Cahill TJ, Prendergast BD. Infective endocarditis. Lancet. 2016 Feb 27;387(10021):882-93. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00067-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 26341945.

Baddour LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, Fowler VG Jr, Tleyjeh IM, Rybak MJ, Barsic B, Lockhart PB, Gewitz MH, Levison ME, Bolger AF, Steckelberg JM, Baltimore RS, Fink AM, O'Gara P, Taubert KA; American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and Stroke Council.. Infective Endocarditis in Adults: Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Therapy, and Management of Complications: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015 Oct 13;132(15):1435-86. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000296. Review. Erratum in: Circulation. 2015 Oct 27;132(17):e215. Circulation. 2016 Aug 23;134(8):e113. PubMed PMID: 26373316.

"This organism may be difficult to isolate and to identify. It often requires more than 3 days for primary isolation, grows best on horse blood agar in 5% to 10% carbon dioxide on subculture, and is pleomorphic, resulting in confusion with diphtheroids. "
From: Chapter 82 Endocarditis and Intravascular Infections in Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Eighth Edition

Wenzl HH. Diarrhea in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2012 Sep;41(3):651-75. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2012.06.006. Review. PubMed PMID: 22917170.

Agrawal S, Dhiman RK, Limdi JK. Evaluation of abnormal liver function tests. Postgrad Med J. 2016 Apr;92(1086):223-34. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133715. Review. PubMed PMID: 26842972.

Mavilia MG, Molina M, Wu GY. The Evolving Nature of Hepatic Abscess: A Review. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2016 Jun 28;4(2):158-68. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.2016.00004. Review. PubMed PMID: 27350946; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4913073.

Leffler DA, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile infection. N Engl J Med. 2015 Apr 16;372(16):1539-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1403772. Review. PubMed PMID: 25875259.

Asam D, Spellerberg B. Molecular pathogenicity of Streptococcus anginosus. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2014 Aug;29(4):145-55. doi: 10.1111/omi.12056. Review. PubMed PMID: 24848553.

Wallis A, Spinks K. The diagnosis and management of interstitial lung diseases. BMJ. 2015 May 7;350:h2072. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h2072. Review. PubMed PMID: 25952322.

Dempsey OJ, Kerr KM, Remmen H, Denison AR. How to investigate a patient with suspected interstitial lung disease. BMJ. 2010 Jun 9;340:c2843. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c2843. Review. PubMed PMID: 20534676.

Drakopanagiotakis F, Polychronopoulos V, Judson MA. Organizing pneumonia. Am J Med Sci. 2008 Jan;335(1):34-9. doi: 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31815d829d. Review. PubMed PMID: 18195581.

Sergew A, Fernández Pérez ER. Current Approach to Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Eosinophilic Syndromes: Eosinophilic Pneumonias, Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis, and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 Jun;37(3):441-56. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1582451. PubMed PMID: 27231866.

Alam M, Burki NK. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: a review. South Med J. 2007 Jan;100(1):49-53. Review. PubMed PMID: 17269525.

Ansell SM. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Aug;90(8):1152-63. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.04.025. Review. PubMed PMID: 26250731.

Nabhan C, Rosen ST. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. JAMA. 2014 Dec 3;312(21):2265-76. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.14553. Review. PubMed PMID: 25461996.

Kasi PM, Ansell SM, Gertz MA. Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2015 Jan;13(1):56-66. Review. PubMed PMID: 25679974.

Jain P, Pemmaraju N, Ravandi F. Update on the biology and treatment options for hairy cell leukemia. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2014 Jun;15(2):187-209. doi: 10.1007/s11864-014-0285-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 24652320; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4198068.

Molyneux EM, Rochford R, Griffin B, Newton R, Jackson G, Menon G, Harrison CJ, Israels T, Bailey S. Burkitt's lymphoma. Lancet. 2012 Mar 31;379(9822):1234-44. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61177-X. Review. PubMed PMID: 22333947.

Basarab M, Macrae MB, Curtis CM. Atypical pneumonia. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2014 May;20(3):247-51. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000048. Review. PubMed PMID: 24626238.

Gilroy SA, Bennett NJ. Pneumocystis pneumonia. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Dec;32(6):775-82. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1295725. Review. PubMed PMID: 22167405.

Eickhoff CA, Decker CF. Syphilis. Dis Mon. 2016 Aug;62(8):280-6. doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.012. Review. PubMed PMID: 27091635.

false-negative antibody test result occurring when antibody concentration is so high that agglutination reaction cannot occur.
More info in:
Liu LL, Lin LR, Tong ML, Zhang HL, Huang SJ, Chen YY, Guo XJ, Xi Y, Liu L, Chen FY, Zhang YF, Zhang Q, Yang TC. Incidence and risk factors for the prozone phenomenon in serologic testing for syphilis in a large cohort. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Aug 1;59(3):384-9. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu325. PubMed PMID: 24803377.

Warrington KJ, Matteson EL. A primer on vasculitis. Minn Med. 2013 May;96(5):36-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 23833834.

Sharma AM, Singh S, Lewis JE. Diagnostic approach in patients with suspected vasculitis. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2014 Dec;17(4):226-33. doi: 10.1053/j.tvir.2014.11.002. Review. PubMed PMID: 25770635.

Natesan S, Lee J, Volkamer H, Thoureen T. Evidence-Based Medicine Approach to Abdominal Pain. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2016 May;34(2):165-90. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2015.12.008. Review. PubMed PMID: 27133239.

Section from book: Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice (2013)

Howell-Jolly bodies are tiny nuclear remnants that normally are removed by the spleen. They appear in the blood after splenectomy (defect in removal) and with maturation/dysplastic disorders (excess production).
From: Longo D.L. (2015). Atlas of Hematology and Analysis of Peripheral Blood Smears. In Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, Loscalzo J (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e. Retrieved November 07, 2016 from http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com.proxygw.wrlc.org/content.aspx?bookid=1130&Sectionid=79727999.

Brown NF, Marks DJ, Smith PJ, Bloom SL. Splenomegaly. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2011 Nov;72(11):M166-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 22082977.

From Goldman-Cecil Medicine (2016)

Matasar MJ, Zelenetz AD. Overview of lymphoma diagnosis and management. Radiol Clin North Am. 2008 Mar;46(2):175-98, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2008.03.005. Review. PubMed PMID: 18619375

Ansell SM. Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Nov;90(11):1574-83. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.07.005. Review. PubMed PMID: 26541251.

Foy AJ, Filippone L. Chest pain evaluation in the emergency department. Med Clin North Am. 2015 Jul;99(4):835-47. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.02.010. Review. PubMed PMID: 26042885.

Cayley WE Jr. Diagnosing the cause of chest pain. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Nov 15;72(10):2012-21. Review. PubMed PMID: 16342831.

Gornik HL, Creager MA. Aortitis. Circulation. 2008 Jun 10;117(23):3039-51. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.760686. Review. PubMed PMID: 18541754; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2759760.

Mason JC. Takayasu arteritis--advances in diagnosis and management. Nat Rev
Rheumatol. 2010 Jul;6(7):406-15. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2010.82. Review. PubMed
PMID: 20596053.

Serra R, Butrico L, Fugetto F, Chibireva MD, Malva A, De Caridi G, Massara M,
Barbetta A, Cannistrà M, de Franciscis S. Updates in Pathophysiology, Diagnosis
and Management of Takayasu Arteritis. Ann Vasc Surg. 2016 Aug;35:210-25. doi:
10.1016/j.avsg.2016.02.011. Review. PubMed PMID: 27238990.

Greinacher A. CLINICAL PRACTICE. Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jul 16;373(3):252-61. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1411910. Review. PubMed PMID:26176382.

Chapter from Goldman-Cecil Medicine

George JN, Aster RH. Drug-induced thrombocytopenia: pathogenesis, evaluation, and management. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2009:153-8. doi: 10.1182/asheducation-2009.1.153. Review. PubMed PMID: 20008194; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4413903.

Diagnosis
PTP is a transfusion reaction characterized by severe thrombocytopenia lasting days to weeks after transfusion of platelet-containing products. Human platelet antigen 1a (HPA-1a) is required to confirm the diagnosis.
Pathophysiology
Patients become sensitized to platelet antigen, most commonly HPA-1a, from prior transfusion of platelet-containing products or from pregnancy. This explains the much higher incidence among women. HPA-1a is also the platelet antigen most commonly involved in the pathophysiology of neonatal alloimmune purpura, thrombocytopenia that occurs in the neonatal period in the offspring of patients with PTP.
Treatment
The treatment of choice is IVIg 400 mg/kg/day for 5 days or 1 g/kg/day for 2 days for severe thrombocytopenia. Further transfusions should be washed or HPA-1a–negative.

McCrae KR, Herman JH. Posttransfusion purpura: two unusual cases and a literature review. Am J Hematol. 1996 Jul;52(3):205-11. Review. PubMed PMID: 8756089.

Lankisch PG, Apte M, Banks PA. Acute pancreatitis. Lancet. 2015 Jul 4;386(9988):85-96. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60649-8. Review. Erratum in: Lancet. 2015 Nov 21;386(10008):2058. PubMed PMID: 25616312.

Gupta K, Wu B. In the clinic. Acute pancreatitis. Ann Intern Med. 2010 Nov 2;153(9):ITC51-5; quiz ITC516. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-153-9-201011020-01005. Review. PubMed PMID: 21041574.

Greig SL, Garnock-Jones KP. Apixaban: A Review in Venous Thromboembolism. Drugs. 2016 Oct;76(15):1493-1504. PubMed PMID: 27653758

Penaloza A, Roy PM, Kline J. Risk stratification and treatment strategy of pulmonary embolism. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2012 Aug;18(4):318-25. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0b013e32835444bc. Review. PubMed PMID: 22614324.

Cuker A, Gimotty PA, Crowther MA, Warkentin TE. Predictive value of the 4Ts scoring system for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood. 2012 Nov 15;120(20):4160-7. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-07-443051. Epub 2012 Sep 18. Review. PubMed PMID: 22990018; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3501714.

Greinacher A. CLINICAL PRACTICE. Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jul 16;373(3):252-61. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1411910. Review. PubMed PMID:26176382.

Feder HM Jr, Mansilla-Rivera K. Fever in returning travelers: a case-based approach. Am Fam Physician. 2013 Oct 15;88(8):524-30. Review. PubMed PMID: 24364573.

White NJ, Pukrittayakamee S, Hien TT, Faiz MA, Mokuolu OA, Dondorp AM. Malaria. Lancet. 2014 Feb 22;383(9918):723-35. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60024-0. Epub 2013 Aug 15. Review. PubMed PMID: 23953767

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). Malaria biology. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/biology/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013). Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/resources/pdf/Malaria_Treatment_Table.pdf

Bryson TC, Shah GV, Srinivasan A, Mukherji SK. Cervical lymph node evaluation and diagnosis. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2012 Dec;45(6):1363-83. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2012.08.007. Review. PubMe PMID: 23153753.

l-Osta HE, Kurzrock R. Castleman's disease: from basic mechanisms to molecular therapeutics. Oncologist. 2011;16(4):497-511. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2010-0212. Epub 2011 Mar 25. Review. PubMed PMID: 21441298; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3228122.

Ferrer R. Lymphadenopathy: differential diagnosis and evaluation. Am Fam Physician. 1998 Oct 15;58(6):1313-20. Review. PubMed PMID: 9803196.

Mathew LM, Kapila R, Schwartz RA. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: a diagnostic dilemma. Int J Dermatol. 2016 Oct;55(10):1069-75. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13314. Epub 2016 May 21. Review. PubMed PMID: 27207311.

Lang D, Zwerina J, Pieringer H. IgG4-related disease: current challenges and future prospects. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2016 Feb 15;12:189-99. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S99985. eCollection 2016. Review. PubMed PMID: 26929632; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4760655.

Stone JH, Brito-Zerón P, Bosch X, Ramos-Casals M. Diagnostic Approach to the Complexity of IgG4-Related Disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Jul;90(7):927-39. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.03.020. Review. PubMed PMID: 26141331.

Bajaj A, Sethi A, Rathor P, Suppogu N, Sethi A. Acute Complications of Myocardial Infarction in the Current Era: Diagnosis and Management. J Investig Med. 2015 Oct;63(7):844-55. doi: 10.1097/JIM.0000000000000232. Review. PubMed PMID: 26295381.

Kutty RS, Jones N, Moorjani N. Mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. Cardiol Clin. 2013 Nov;31(4):519-31, vii-viii. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2013.07.004. Epub 2013 Aug 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 24188218.

Kumar N, Law A, Choudhry N.K. (2016). Pulsus Paradoxus. In Kumar N, Law A, Choudhry N.K. (Eds), Teaching Rounds: A Visual Aid to Teaching Internal Medicine Pearls on the Wards. Retrieved October 12, 2016 from http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com.proxygw.wrlc.org/content.aspx?bookid=1856&Sectionid=130944340.

Pawlosky, Nadia. “Cardiovascular Risk: Are All NSAIDs Alike?” Canadian Pharmacists Journal : CPJ 146.2 (2013): 80–83. PMC. Web. 12 Oct. 20

Winger J, Michelfelder A. Diagnostic approach to the patient with jaundice. Prim Care. 2011 Sep;38(3):469-82; viii. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2011.05.004. Review. PubMed PMID: 21872092.

Makuc J. Management of pancreatogenic diabetes: challenges and solutions. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2016 Aug 25;9:311-5. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S99701. eCollection 2016. Review. PubMed PMID: 27601927; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5003514.

Modha K. Clinical Approach to Patients With Obstructive Jaundice. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2015 Dec;18(4):197-200. doi: 10.1053/j.tvir.2015.07.002. Epub 2015 Jul 16. Review. PubMed PMID: 26615159.

Kamisawa T, Wood LD, Itoi T, Takaori K. Pancreatic cancer. Lancet. 2016 Jul 2;388(10039):73-85. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00141-0. Epub 2016 Jan 30. Review. PubMed PMID: 26830752.

Natesan S, Lee J, Volkamer H, Thoureen T. Evidence-Based Medicine Approach to Abdominal Pain. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2016 May;34(2):165-90. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2015.12.008. Review. PubMed PMID: 27133239.

Kiriakidou M, Cotton D, Taichman D, Williams S. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Intern Med. 2013 Oct 1;159(7):ITC4-1. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-159-7-201310010-01004. Review. PubMed PMID: 24081299.

Lisnevskaia L, Murphy G, Isenberg D. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 2014 Nov 22;384(9957):1878-88. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60128-8. Epub 2014 May 31. Review. PubMed PMID: 24881804.

Alves SC, Fasano S, Isenberg DA. Autoimmune gastrointestinal complications in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: case series and literature review. Lupus. 2016 Jun 20. pii: 0961203316655210. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PubMed
PMID: 27329649.

Binder H.J. (2015). Disorders of Absorption. In Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, Loscalzo J (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e. Retrieved September 21, 2016 from http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com.proxygw.wrlc.org/content.aspx?bookid=1130&Sectionid=79747771.

Natesan S, Lee J, Volkamer H, Thoureen T. Evidence-Based Medicine Approach to Abdominal Pain. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2016 May;34(2):165-90. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2015.12.008. Review. PubMed PMID: 27133239.

Devalet B, Mullier F, Chatelain B, Dogné JM, Chatelain C. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: a review. Eur J of Haematol. 2015 Sep;95(3):190-8. doi: 10.1111/ejh.12543. Epub 2015 Mar 26. Review. PubMed PMID: 25753400.

Trebicka J, Strassburg CP. Etiology and Complications of Portal Vein Thrombosis. Viszeralmedizin. 2014 Dec;30(6):375-80. doi: 10.1159/000369987. Review. PubMed PMID: 26288604; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4513836.

Basit SA, Stone CD, Gish R. Portal vein thrombosis. Clin Liver Dis. 2015 Feb;19(1):199-221. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2014.09.012. Epub 2014 Oct 30. Review. PubMed PMID: 25454305.

Gaitonde DY, Rowley KD, Sweeney LB. Hypothyroidism: an update. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Aug 1;86(3):244-51. Review. PubMed PMID: 22962987.

Cooper DS, Biondi B. Subclinical thyroid disease. Lancet. 2012 Mar 24;379(9821):1142-54. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60276-6. Epub 2012 Jan 23. Review. PubMed PMID: 22273398.

Jameson J, Mandel S.J., Weetman A.P. (2015). Disorders of the Thyroid Gland. In Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, Loscalzo J (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19e. Retrieved September 14, 2016 from http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com.proxygw.wrlc.org/content.aspx?bookid=1130&Sectionid=79751787

Lane Furdell E. Eponymous, anonymous: Queen Anne's sign and the misnaming of a
symptom. J Med Biogr. 2007 May;15(2):97-101. PubMed PMID: 17551609.

Natesan S, Lee J, Volkamer H, Thoureen T. Evidence-Based Medicine Approach to Abdominal Pain. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2016 May;34(2):165-90. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2015.12.008. Review. PubMed PMID: 27133239.

Henry DA. In The Clinic: Hyponatremia. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Aug 4;163(3):ITC1-19. doi: 10.7326/AITC201508040. Review. PubMed PMID: 26237763.

Syed U, Alkhawam H, Bakhit M, Companioni RA, Walfish A. Hepatic sarcoidosis: pathogenesis, clinical context, and treatment options. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2016 Sep;51(9):1025-30. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2016.1177856. Epub 2016 May 13. PubMed PMID: 27175775.

Knockaert DC. Recurrent fevers of unknown origin. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2007 Dec;21(4):1189-211, xi. Review. PubMed PMID: 18061093.

Pujalte GG, Chua JV. Tick-borne infections in the United States. Prim Care. 2013 Sep;40(3):619-35. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2013.05.003. Epub 2013 Jul 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 23958360.

Buckingham SC. Tick-borne diseases of the USA: Ten things clinicians should know. J Infect. 2015 Jun;71 Suppl 1:S88-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.04.009. Epub 2015 Apr 24. Review. PubMed PMID: 25917805.

From Emergency Medicine Clinical Essentials (2nd Ed.)

Kruse-Jarres R, Singleton TC, Leissinger CA. Identification and basic management of bleeding disorders in adults. J Am Board Fam Med. 2014 Jul-Aug;27(4):549-64. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2014.04.130227. Review. PubMed PMID: 25002009.

Ng C, Motto DG, Di Paola J. Diagnostic approach to von Willebrand disease. Blood. 2015 Mar 26;125(13):2029-37. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-08-528398. Epub 2015 Feb 23. Review. PubMed PMID: 25712990; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4375103.

Rajkumar SV, Kumar S. Multiple Myeloma: Diagnosis and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2016 Jan;91(1):101-19. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.11.007. Review. PubMed PMID: 26763514.

Kruger D. The assessment of jaundice in adults: tests, imaging, differential diagnosis. JAAPA. 2011 Jun;24(6):44-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 21682177.

Limdi, J., & Hyde, G. (2003). Evaluation of abnormal liver function tests. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 79(932), 307-312.

Roche, S., & Kobos, R. (2004). Jaundice in the adult patient. American Family Physician, 69(2), 299-304.

Kamisawa T, Wood LD, Itoi T, Takaori K. Pancreatic cancer. Lancet. 2016 Jul 2;388(10039):73-85. doi: 10.1016/S0140 6736(16)00141-0. Epub 2016 Jan 30. Review. PubMed PMID: 26830752.

Conroy T, Desseigne F, Ychou M, Bouché O, Guimbaud R, Bécouarn Y, Adenis A, Raoul JL, Gourgou-Bourgade S, de la Fouchardière C, Bennouna J, Bachet JB, Khemissa -Akouz F, Péré-Vergé D, Delbaldo C, Assenat E, Chauffert B, Michel P, Montoto-Grillot C, Ducreux M; Groupe Tumeurs Digestives of Unicancer; PRODIGE Intergroup. FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine for metastatic pancreatic cancer. N Engl J Med. 2011 May 12;364(19):1817-25. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1011923. PubMed PMID: 21561347.

Hanifin C. Cardiac auscultation 101: a basic science approach to heart murmurs. JAAPA. 2010 Apr;23(4):44-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 20411638.

Otto CM, Prendergast B. Aortic-valve stenosis--from patients at risk to severe valve obstruction. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 21;371(8):744-56. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1313875. Review. PubMed PMID: 25140960.

Nishimura RA, Vahanian A, Eleid MF, Mack MJ. Mitral valve disease--current management and future challenges. Lancet. 2016 Mar 26;387(10025):1324-34. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00558-4. Review. PubMed PMID: 27025438.

Enriquez-Sarano M, Tajik AJ. Clinical practice. Aortic regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 7;351(15):1539 46. Review. PubMed PMID: 15470217.

Henry DA. In The Clinic: Hyponatremia. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Aug 4;163(3):ITC1-19. doi:10.7326/AITC201508040. Review. PubMed PMID: 26237763.

Lee JJ, Kilonzo K, Nistico A, Yeates K. Management of hyponatremia. CMAJ. 2014 May 13;186(8):E281-6. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.120887. Epub 2013 Dec 16. Review. PubMed PMID: 24344146; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4016091.

Braun MM, Barstow CH, Pyzocha NJ. Diagnosis and management of sodium disorders: hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Mar 1;91(5):299-307. PubMed PMID: 25822386.

Pallavi R. An Unsuspected Cause of Hyponatremia: Beer Potomania. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015 Aug;63(8):1714-5. doi: 10.1111/jgs.13582. PubMed PMID: 26289702.

Kahn T. Reset osmostat and salt and water retention in the course of severe hyponatremia. Medicine (Baltimore). 2003 May;82(3):170-6. PubMed PMID: 12792303.

Hammami MM, Almogbel F, Hammami S, Faifi J, Alqahtani A, Hashem W. Acute severe hypothyroidism is not associated with hyponatremia even with increased water intake: a prospective study in thyroid cancer patients. BMC Endocr Disord. 2013 Jul 31;13:27. doi: 10.1186/1472-6823-13-27. PubMed PMID: 23902827; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3735475.23902827

Enriquez-Sarano M, Tajik AJ. Clinical practice. Aortic regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 7;351(15):1539-46. Review. PubMed PMID: 15470217.

Ebell MH. Evaluation of chest pain in primary care patients. Am Fam Physician. 2011 Mar 1;83(5):603-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 21391528.

Khasnis A, Lokhandwala Y. Clinical signs in medicine: pulsus paradoxus. J Postgrad Med. 2002 Jan-Mar;48(1):46-9. PubMed PMID: 12082330.

Chapter 55 Echocardiography Goldman-Cecil Medicine (25th Ed.)

LeWinter MM. Clinical practice. Acute pericarditis. N Engl J Med. 2014 Dec 18;371(25):2410-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1404070. Review. PubMed PMID: 25517707.

Chapter 77 Pericardial Diseases Goldman-Cecil Medicine (25th Ed.)

Argulian E, Messerli F. Misconceptions and facts about pericardial effusion and tamponade. Am J Med. 2013 Oct;126(10):858-61. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.03.022. Epub 2013 Jul 24. Review. PubMed PMID: 23891285.

Hoen B, Duval X. Clinical practice. Infective endocarditis. N Engl J Med. 2013 Apr 11;368(15):1425-33. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1206782. Review. Erratum in: N Engl J Med. 2013 Jun 27;368(26):2536. PubMed PMID: 23574121.

Baddour LM, Wilson WR, Bayer AS, Fowler VG Jr, Tleyjeh IM, Rybak MJ, Barsic B, Lockhart PB, Gewitz MH, Levison ME, Bolger AF, Steckelberg JM, Baltimore RS, Fink AM, O'Gara P, Taubert KA; American Heart Association Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and Stroke Council. Infective Endocarditis in Adults: Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Therapy, and Management of Complications: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015 Oct 13;132(15):1435-86. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000296. Epub 2015 Sep 15. Review. Erratum in: Circulation. 2015 Oct 27;132(17):e215. PubMed PMID: 26373316.

Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP 3rd, Guyton RA, O'Gara PT, Ruiz CE, Skubas NJ, Sorajja P, Sundt TM 3rd, Thomas JD; ACC/AHA Task Force Members. 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014 Jun 10;129(23):2440-92. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000029. Epub 2014 Mar 3. Erratum in: Circulation. 2014 Jun 10;129(23):e650. PubMed PMID: 24589852.

Ansell SM. Hodgkin Lymphoma: Diagnosis and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Nov;90(11):1574-83. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.07.005. Review. PubMed PMID: 26541251.

The most common regimen in the United States is a 4-drug combination called ABVD, which consists of:
Adriamycin® (doxorubicin)
Bleomycin
Vinblastine
Dacarbazine (DTIC)

Apperley JF. Chronic myeloid leukaemia. Lancet. 2015 Apr 11;385(9976):1447-59. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62120-0. Epub 2014 Dec 5. Review. PubMed PMID: 25484026.

Döhner H, Weisdorf DJ, Bloomfield CD. Acute Myeloid Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2015 Sep 17;373(12):1136-52. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1406184. Review. PubMed PMID: 26376137.

Miano M, Dufour C. The diagnosis and treatment of aplastic anemia: a review. Int J Hematol. 2015 Jun;101(6):527-35. doi: 10.1007/s12185-015-1787-z. Epub 2015 Apr 3. Review. PubMed PMID: 25837779.

Tefferi A, Barbui T. Essential Thrombocythemia and Polycythemia Vera: Focus on Clinical Practice. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Sep;90(9):1283-93. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.05.014. Review. PubMed PMID: 26355403.

Freifeld AG, Bow EJ, Sepkowitz KA, Boeckh MJ, Ito JI, Mullen CA, Raad II, Rolston KV, Young JA, Wingard JR; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 update by the infectious diseases society of america. Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Feb 15;52(4):e56-93. doi: 10.1093/cid/cir073. PubMed PMID: 21258094.

Moore TJ, Glenmullen J, Mattison DR. Reports of pathological gambling, hyper sexuality, and compulsive shopping associated with dopamine receptor agonist drugs. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Dec;174(12):1930-3. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5262. PubMed PMID: 25329919.

Amouzegar A, Mehran L, Sarvghadi F, Delshad H, Azizi F, Lazarus JH. Comparison of the American Thyroid Association with the Endocrine Society practice guidelines for the screening and treatment of hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Hormones (Athens). 2014 Jul-Sep;13(3):307-13. doi: 10.14310/horm.2002.1486. Review. PubMed PMID: 25079454.

Malkud S. Telogen Effluvium: A Review. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Sep;9(9):WE01-3. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/15219.6492. Epub 2015 Sep 1. Review. PubMed PMID: 26500992; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4606321.

Lal NR, Das S, Chowdhury SN. Frontal fibrosing alopecia. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2016 May-Jun;7(3):228-9. doi: 10.4103/2229-5178.182369. PubMed PMID: 27294073; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4886610.

Crawford P, Crop JA. Evaluation of scrotal masses. Am Fam Physician. 2014 May 1;89(9):723-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 24784335.

From Golman-Cecil Medicine

Saksena S, Slee A, Waldo AL, Freemantle N, Reynolds M, Rosenberg Y, Rathod S, Grant S, Thomas E, Wyse DG. Cardiovascular outcomes in the AFFIRM Trial (Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management). An assessment of individual antiarrhythmic drug therapies compared with rate control with propensity score-matched analyses. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Nov 1;58(19):1975-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.07.036. PubMed PMID: 22032709; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3290399.

Link MS. Clinical practice. Evaluation and initial treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. N Engl J Med. 2012 Oct 11;367(15):1438-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1111259. Review. PubMed PMID: 23050527.