Jul - Dec 2021 - Internal Medicine Residency Readings - Research Guides at George Washington University

February 17, 2022

Neurosyphilis
Ropper AH. Neurosyphilis. N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 3;381(14):1358-1363. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1906228. Erratum in: N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1789. PMID: 31577877.
Acute brain failure
Maldonado JR. Acute Brain Failure: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Sequelae of Delirium. Crit Care Clin. 2017 Jul;33(3):461-519. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2017.03.013. PMID: 28601132.
Delirium in the elderly
Hshieh TT, Inouye SK, Oh ES. Delirium in the Elderly. Clin Geriatr Med. 2020 May;36(2):183-199. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.11.001. PMID: 32222295.
Fatigue
Wilson J, Morgan S, Magin PJ, van Driel ML. Fatigue--a rational approach to investigation. Aust Fam Physician. 2014 Jul;43(7):457-61. PMID: 25006608.
Approach to pancytopenia
Gnanaraj J, Parnes A, Francis CW, Go RS, Takemoto CM, Hashmi SK. Approach to pancytopenia: Diagnostic algorithm for clinical hematologists. Blood Rev. 2018 Sep;32(5):361-367. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2018.03.001. Epub 2018 Mar 5. PMID: 29555368.
Multiple myeloma
Cowan AJ, Green DJ, Kwok M, Lee S, Coffey DG, Holmberg LA, Tuazon S, Gopal AK, Libby EN. Diagnosis and Management of Multiple Myeloma: A Review. JAMA. 2022 Feb 1;327(5):464-477. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.0003. PMID: 35103762.

February 10, 2022

Hypertension Management in Emergency Departments
Miller, J., McNaughton, C., Joyce, K., Binz, S., & Levy, P. (2020). Hypertension Management in Emergency Departments. American journal of hypertension, 33(10), 927–934. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpaa068
An Update on Inpatient Hypertension Management
Axon, R. N., Turner, M., & Buckley, R. (2015). An Update on Inpatient Hypertension Management. Current cardiology reports, 17(11), 94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-015-0648-y

February 4, 2022

Chronic Dyspnea: Diagnosis and Evaluation
Budhwar, N., & Syed, Z. (2020). Chronic Dyspnea: Diagnosis and Evaluation. American family physician, 101(9), 542–548.
Acute hyperviscosity: syndromes and management
Gertz M. A. (2018). Acute hyperviscosity: syndromes and management. Blood, 132(13), 1379–1385. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-06-846816
Management of Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Gertz M. A. (2021). Waldenström macroglobulinemia: 2021 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. American journal of hematology, 96(2), 258–269. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.26082

February 2, 2022

Acute diarrhea
Barr W, Smith A. Acute diarrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2014 Feb 1;89(3):180-9. PMID: 24506120.
Acute diarrhea - duration < 14 days
Persistent Diarrhea: A Clinical Review
DuPont HL. Persistent Diarrhea: A Clinical Review. JAMA. 2016 Jun 28;315(24):2712-23. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.7833. PMID: 27357241.
Persistent diarrhea - duration 14-29 days
Chronic Diarrhea in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
Burgers K, Lindberg B, Bevis ZJ. Chronic Diarrhea in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2020 Apr 15;101(8):472-480. PMID: 32293842.
Chronic diarrhea - duration ≥ 30 days
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Mediated Diarrhea and Colitis: A Clinical Review
Gong Z, Wang Y. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Mediated Diarrhea and Colitis: A Clinical Review. JCO Oncol Pract. 2020 Aug;16(8):453-461. doi: 10.1200/OP.20.00002. Epub 2020 Jun 25. PMID: 32584703.

January 28, 2022

Hepatitis C Virus
Kaplan DE. Hepatitis C Virus. Ann Intern Med. 2020 Sep 1;173(5):ITC33-ITC48. doi: 10.7326/AITC202009010. PMID: 32866406.
Blood Culture–Negative Infective Endocarditis
Wang A, Gaca JG, Chu VH. Management Considerations in Infective Endocarditis: A Review. JAMA. 2018 Jul 3;320(1):72-83. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.7596. PMID: 29971402.
Bartonella Species, an Emerging Cause of Blood-Culture-Negative Endocarditis
Okaro U, Addisu A, Casanas B, Anderson B. Bartonella Species, an Emerging Cause of Blood-Culture-Negative Endocarditis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2017 Jul;30(3):709-746. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00013-17. PMID: 28490579; PMCID: PMC5475225.

January 27, 2022

The diagnosis and management of hypercalcaemia
Minisola S, Pepe J, Piemonte S, Cipriani C. The diagnosis and management of hypercalcaemia. BMJ. 2015 Jun 2;350:h2723. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h2723. PMID: 26037642.
Pathophysiology of Hypercalcemia
Goltzman D. Pathophysiology of Hypercalcemia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2021 Dec;50(4):591-607. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2021.07.008. PMID: 34774236.
Rapid Fire: Hypercalcemia
Carrick AI, Costner HB. Rapid Fire: Hypercalcemia. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2018 Aug;36(3):549-555. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2018.04.008. Epub 2018 Jun 11. PMID: 30037441.
Hypercalcemia and cancer: Differential diagnosis and treatment
Useful: Algorithm for the Evaluation and Treatment of a Patient With Hypercalcemia and a History of Cancer
Zagzag J, Hu MI, Fisher SB, Perrier ND. Hypercalcemia and cancer: Differential diagnosis and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018 Sep;68(5):377-386. doi: 10.3322/caac.21489. Epub 2018 Sep 21. PMID: 30240520.
Diagnosis, Pathophysiology and Management of Hypercalcemia in Malignancy
Useful:Table 4 Treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy
Asonitis N, Angelousi A, Zafeiris C, Lambrou GI, Dontas I, Kassi E. Diagnosis, Pathophysiology and Management of Hypercalcemia in Malignancy: A Review of the Literature. Horm Metab Res. 2019 Dec;51(12):770-778. doi: 10.1055/a-1049-0647. Epub 2019 Dec 11. PMID: 31826272.

January 21,2022

Clinical Approach to Patients with Palpitations
Giada, F., & Raviele, A. (2018). Clinical Approach to Patients with Palpitations. Cardiac electrophysiology clinics, 10(2), 387–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccep.2018.02.010
Palpitations
Wexler, R. K., Pleister, A., & Raman, S. V. (2017). Palpitations: Evaluation in the Primary Care Setting. American family physician, 96(12), 784–789.
The sinus tachycardias
Yusuf, S., & Camm, A. J. (2005). The sinus tachycardias. Nature clinical practice. Cardiovascular medicine, 2(1), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio0068

January 19, 2021

Preoperative Evaluation Before Noncardiac Surgery
Bierle, D. M., Raslau, D., Regan, D. W., Sundsted, K. K., & Mauck, K. F. (2020). Preoperative Evaluation Before Noncardiac Surgery. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 95(4), 807–822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.04.029
Perioperative Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Management for Noncardiac Surgery: A Review
Smilowitz, N. R., & Berger, J. S. (2020). Perioperative Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Management for Noncardiac Surgery: A Review. JAMA, 324(3), 279–290. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.7840

From Internal Medicine Residency Med Consult Reading List:

Preoperative Management of Medications
Zafirova, Z., Vázquez-Narváez, K. G., & Borunda, D. (2018). Preoperative Management of Medications. Anesthesiology clinics, 36(4), 663–675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2018.07.012
Perioperative Medication Management
From: Perioperative Medication Management – Adult/Pediatric – Inpatient/Ambulatory
Clinical Practice Guideline
Last Reviewed 6/2019; Last Updated 6/2019
Contact information: Philip J. Trap

January 13, 2022

Diabetes-Related Foot Infections: Diagnosis and Treatment
Matheson, E. M., Bragg, S. W., & Blackwelder, R. S. (2021). Diabetes-Related Foot Infections: Diagnosis and Treatment. American family physician, 104(4), 386–394.
A Comprehensive Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Diabetic Foot Infections
Mponponsuo, K., Sibbald, R. G., & Somayaji, R. (2021). A Comprehensive Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Diabetic Foot Infections. Advances in skin & wound care, 34(11), 574–581. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000791876.10485.d4
Myasthenia gravis at the crossroad of COVID-19: focus on immunological and respiratory interplay
Galassi, G., & Marchioni, A. (2021). Myasthenia gravis at the crossroad of COVID-19: focus on immunological and respiratory interplay. Acta neurologica Belgica, 121(3), 633–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-021-01612-6
A Practical Approach to Managing Patients With Myasthenia Gravis-Opinions and a Review of the Literature
Farrugia, M. E., & Goodfellow, J. A. (2020). A Practical Approach to Managing Patients With Myasthenia Gravis - Opinions and a Review of the Literature. Frontiers in neurology, 11, 604. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00604

January 7, 2022

Diarrhea in the immunocompromised patient.
Krones, E., & Högenauer, C. (2012). Diarrhea in the immunocompromised patient. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 41(3), 677–701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gtc.2012.06.009
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Diarrhea: Still an Issue in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy
Dikman, A. E., Schonfeld, E., Srisarajivakul, N. C., & Poles, M. A. (2015). Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Diarrhea: Still an Issue in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy. Digestive diseases and sciences, 60(8), 2236–2245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-015-3615-y
Management of noninfectious diarrhea associated with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy
Macarthur R. D. (2013). Management of noninfectious diarrhea associated with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy. The American journal of managed care, 19(12 Suppl), s238–s245.
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
Gomes, T. A., Elias, W. P., Scaletsky, I. C., Guth, B. E., Rodrigues, J. F., Piazza, R. M., Ferreira, L. C., & Martinez, M. B. (2016). Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology], 47 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2016.10.015

January 6, 2022

Ascending cholangitis - definition
Acute (ascending) cholangitis is a systemic condition characterized by inflammation and infection in the bile duct caused by bacteria ascending from the duodenum in the presence of common bile duct obstruction
Cholangitis. Elsevier Point of Care. Updated October 21, 2021
Acute Cholangitis: Causes, Diagnosis, and Management
An, Z., Braseth, A. L., & Sahar, N. (2021). Acute Cholangitis: Causes, Diagnosis, and Management. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 50(2), 403–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gtc.2021.02.005
Acute cholangitis - an update
Ahmed M. (2018). Acute cholangitis - an update. World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology, 9(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4291/wjgp.v9.i1.1
Tokyo Guidelines 2018: management bundles for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis
Mayumi, T., Okamoto, K., Takada, T., Strasberg, S. M., Solomkin, J. S., Schlossberg, D., Pitt, H. A., Yoshida, M., Gomi, H., Miura, F., Garden, O. J., Kiriyama, S., Yokoe, M., Endo, I., Asbun, H. J., Iwashita, Y., Hibi, T., Umezawa, A., Suzuki, K., Itoi, T., … Yamamoto, M. (2018). Tokyo Guidelines 2018: management bundles for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences, 25(1), 96–100. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.519
The immunology of sepsis
van der Poll, T., Shankar-Hari, M., & Wiersinga, W. J. (2021). The immunology of sepsis. Immunity, 54(11), 2450–2464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2021.10.012

December 17, 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis
Sparks JA. Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Jan 1;170(1):ITC1-ITC16. doi: 10.7326/AITC201901010. PMID: 30596879.
Lifestyle factors associated with incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in US adults
Ye D, Mao Y, Xu Y, Xu X, Xie Z, Wen C. Lifestyle factors associated with incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in US adults: analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2021 Jan 26;11(1):e038137. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038137. PMID: 33500279; PMCID: PMC7843328.
Cigarette smoking and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a dose-response meta-analysis
Di Giuseppe D, Discacciati A, Orsini N, Wolk A. Cigarette smoking and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a dose-response meta-analysis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014 Mar 5;16(2):R61. doi: 10.1186/ar4498. PMID: 24594022; PMCID: PMC4060378.
Rheum One Pagers (Twitter)
Recommended by speaker

December 16, 2021

Does hypocalcemia cause changes on EKG?
Question posed by Dr. Ahari
Chorin E, Rosso R, Viskin S. Electrocardiographic Manifestations of Calcium Abnormalities. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2016;21(1):7-9. doi:10.1111/anec.12316

December 15, 2021

The tumor lysis syndrome
Includes tables and figures used in presentation
Howard SC, Jones DP, Pui CH. The tumor lysis syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2011 May 12;364(19):1844-54. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0904569. Erratum in: N Engl J Med. 2018 Sep 13;379(11):1094. PMID: 21561350; PMCID: PMC3437249.
Tumor lysis syndrome
Rahmani B, Patel S, Seyam O, Gandhi J, Reid I, Smith N, Khan SA. Current understanding of tumor lysis syndrome. Hematol Oncol. 2019 Dec;37(5):537-547. doi: 10.1002/hon.2668. Epub 2019 Sep 11. PMID: 31461568.
Diagnosis and management of tumor lysis syndrome
Puri I, Sharma D, Gunturu KS, Ahmed AA. Diagnosis and management of tumor lysis syndrome. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect. 2020 Jun 14;10(3):269-272. doi: 10.1080/20009666.2020.1761185. PMID: 32850076; PMCID: PMC7426989.
Crystal nephropathies
Mulay SR, Anders HJ. Crystal nephropathies: mechanisms of crystal-induced kidney injury. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017 Apr;13(4):226-240. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.10. Epub 2017 Feb 20. PMID: 28218266.

December 9, 2021

Evaluating and managing bradycardia
Sidhu S, Marine JE. Evaluating and managing bradycardia. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2020 Jul;30(5):265-272. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2019.07.001. Epub 2019 Jul 9. PMID: 31311698.
Cardiac manifestations of the coronavirus disease-19
Khalid M, Awan S, Jatoi NN, Jatoi HN, Yasmin F, Ochani RK, Batra S, Malik F, Ahmed J, Chawla S, Mustafa A, Lak HM, Surani S. Cardiac manifestations of the coronavirus disease-19: a review of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. Pan Afr Med J. 2021 Jul 6;39:173. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.39.173.27802. PMID: 34584599; PMCID: PMC8449581.
Acute diarrhea
Barr W, Smith A. Acute diarrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2014 Feb 1;89(3):180-9. PMID: 24506120.
Acute infectious diarrhea in immunocompetent adults
DuPont HL. Acute infectious diarrhea in immunocompetent adults. N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 17;370(16):1532-40. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1301069. PMID: 24738670.
Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis
Bellaguarda E, Hanauer S. Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2020 Feb;115(2):202-210. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000497. PMID: 31922959.

December 8, 2021

Approach to Leg Edema of Unclear Etiology
Ely JW, Osheroff JA, Chambliss ML, Ebell MH. Approach to leg edema of unclear etiology [published correction appears in J Am Board Fam Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;21(1):86]. J Am Board Fam Med. 2006;19(2):148-160. doi:10.3122/jabfm.19.2.148
Rhabdomyolysis
Cabral BMI, Edding SN, Portocarrero JP, Lerma EV. Rhabdomyolysis. Dis Mon. 2020;66(8):101015. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2020.101015
Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease
Singal AK, Mathurin P. Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: A Review. JAMA. 2021;326(2):165-176. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.7683
Olanzapine-associated rhabdomyolysis
Skryabin VY, Zastrozhin M, Sychev DA. Olanzapine-Associated Rhabdomyolysis: A Case Report. Cureus. 2021;13(1):e12568. Published 2021 Jan 8. doi:10.7759/cureus.12568
Leptospirosis: Increasing importance in developing countries
Soo ZMP, Khan NA, Siddiqui R. Leptospirosis: Increasing importance in developing countries. Acta Trop. 2020;201:105183. doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105183

December 2, 2021

Elevated lactate levels - etiology and therapeutic approach
Andersen, L. W., Mackenhauer, J., Roberts, J. C., Berg, K. M., Cocchi, M. N., & Donnino, M. W. (2013). Etiology and therapeutic approach to elevated lactate levels. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 88(10), 1127–1140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.06.012
Hypercalcemia (including hyperparathyroidism)
Walker, M. D., & Shane, E. (2022). Hypercalcemia: A Review. JAMA, 328(16), 1624–1636. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.18331
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy
Hu M. I. (2021). Hypercalcemia of Malignancy. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 50(4), 721–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2021.07.003
Atrial Fibrillation
Michaud, G. F., & Stevenson, W. G. (2021). Atrial Fibrillation. The New England journal of medicine, 384(4), 353–361. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp2023658

December 1, 2021

Hyperleukocytosis
Gucalp R, & Dutcher J.P. (2018). Oncologic emergencies. Jameson J, & Fauci A.S., & Kasper D.L., & Hauser S.L., & Longo D.L., & Loscalzo J(Eds.), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20e. McGraw Hill.
Management of hyperleukocytosis
Ruggiero A, Rizzo D, Amato M, Riccardi R. Management of Hyperleukocytosis. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2016;17(2):7. doi:10.1007/s11864-015-0387-8
Definitions
Hyperleukocytosis refers to a WBC count greater than 100,000/μL, and is seen almost exclusively in leukemias and myeloproliferative disorders. Leukostasis, or sludging of WBC in small vessels of the brain, lungs, and kidneys, is an oncologic emergency that may cause life-threatening cerebral infarcts, cerebral hemorrhage, or pulmonary insufficiency caused by impaired blood flow. Leukostasis is more common in acute myelogenous leukemia than in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, because myeloblasts are larger and more adhesive than lymphoblasts; it is rarely seen in chronic leukemias, even with extremely high WBC counts.
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Cerny J, Rosmarin AG. Why does my patient have leukocytosis?. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2012;26(2):303-viii. doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2012.01.001
Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis: management of a medical emergency
Includes symptom frequency
Giammarco S, Chiusolo P, Piccirillo N, et al. Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis: management of a medical emergency. Expert Rev Hematol. 2017;10(2):147-154. doi:10.1080/17474086.2017.1270754
Leukapheresis for the management of hyperleukocytosis
Bewersdorf JP, Giri S, Tallman MS, Zeidan AM, Stahl M. Leukapheresis for the management of hyperleukocytosis in acute myeloid leukemia-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transfusion. 2020;60(10):2360-2369. doi:10.1111/trf.15994

November 18, 2021

Post-splenectomy vaccines
Rubin, L. G., & Schaffner, W. (2014). Clinical practice. Care of the asplenic patient. The New England journal of medicine, 371(4), 349–356. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp1314291
Pneumoperitoneum
Tanner, T. N., Hall, B. R., & Oran, J. (2018). Pneumoperitoneum. The Surgical clinics of North America, 98(5), 915–932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suc.2018.06.004
Gastric Perforation
Sigmon, D. F., Tuma, F., Kamel, B. G., & Cassaro, S. (2021). Gastric Perforation. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.

October 28, 2021

MRSA
Lee, A. S., de Lencastre, H., Garau, J., Kluytmans, J., Malhotra-Kumar, S., Peschel, A., & Harbarth, S. (2018). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 4, 18033. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2018.33
Sepsis
Gauer, R., Forbes, D., & Boyer, N. (2020). Sepsis: Diagnosis and Management. American family physician, 101(7), 409–418.
Rational Fluid Resuscitation in Sepsis for the Hospitalist
Ladzinski, A. T., Thind, G. S., & Siuba, M. T. (2021). Rational Fluid Resuscitation in Sepsis for the Hospitalist: A Narrative Review. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 96(9), 2464–2473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.05.020
Hypertensive Emergencies - Acute Care Evaluation and Management
Jolly, H., Freel, E. M., & Isles, C. (2021). Management of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies: narrative review. Postgraduate medical journal, postgradmedj-2021-140899. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140899
Evaluation of abnormal liver function tests
Agrawal, S., Dhiman, R. K., & Limdi, J. K. (2016). Evaluation of abnormal liver function tests. Postgraduate medical journal, 92(1086), 223–234. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133715
Drug-induced liver injury
Leise, M. D., Poterucha, J. J., & Talwalkar, J. A. (2014). Drug-induced liver injury. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 89(1), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.09.016

October 22, 2021

Laboratory tests in rheumatology: A rational approach
Suresh E. Laboratory tests in rheumatology: A rational approach. Cleve Clin J Med. 2019 Mar;86(3):198-210. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.86a.18076. PMID: 30849037.
Rheumatologic Tests: A Primer for Family Physicians
Ali Y. Rheumatologic Tests: A Primer for Family Physicians. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Aug 1;98(3):164-170. PMID: 30215901.
Role of autoantibody testing
Aggarwal A. Role of autoantibody testing. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2014 Dec;28(6):907-20. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2015.04.010. Epub 2015 May 23. PMID: 26096093.
Scleroderma
Denton CP, Khanna D. Systemic sclerosis. Lancet. 2017 Oct 7;390(10103):1685-1699. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30933-9. Epub 2017 Apr 13. PMID: 28413064.
Polyarteritis nodosa
Hočevar A, Tomšič M, Perdan Pirkmajer K. Clinical Approach to Diagnosis and Therapy of Polyarteritis Nodosa. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2021 Feb 10;23(3):14. doi: 10.1007/s11926-021-00983-2. PMID: 33569653.
Discoid lupus
Wenzel J. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: new insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019 Sep;15(9):519-532. doi: 10.1038/s41584-019-0272-0. Epub 2019 Aug 9. PMID: 31399711.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Sparks JA. Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Jan 1;170(1):ITC1-ITC16. doi: 10.7326/AITC201901010. PMID: 30596879.
Likelihood ratio - probability nomogram

October 21, 2021

Non-small-cell lung cancer
Duma N, Santana-Davila R, Molina JR. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Epidemiology, Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019 Aug;94(8):1623-1640. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.013. Review. PubMed PMID: 31378236.
Superior vena cava syndrome
Klein-Weigel, P. F., Elitok, S., Ruttloff, A., Reinhold, S., Nielitz, J., Steindl, J., Hillner, B., Rehmenklau-Bremer, L., Wrase, C., Fuchs, H., Herold, T., & Beyer, L. (2020). Superior vena cava syndrome. VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten, 49(6), 437–448. https://doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000908
Tachycardia
Boateng S. (2013). Tachycardia. Disease-a-month : DM, 59(3), 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2012.12.003
Inappropriate sinus tachycardia
Olshansky, B., & Sullivan, R. M. (2019). Inappropriate sinus tachycardia. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology, 21(2), 194–207. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euy128
Clozapine-induced myocarditis
Bellissima, B. L., Tingle, M. D., Cicović, A., Alawami, M., & Kenedi, C. (2018). A systematic review of clozapine-induced myocarditis. International journal of cardiology, 259, 122–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.102
Clozapine-induced cardiomyopathy and myocarditis monitoring
Knoph, K. N., Morgan, R. J., 3rd, Palmer, B. A., Schak, K. M., Owen, A. C., Leloux, M. R., Patel, M., & Leung, J. G. (2018). Clozapine-induced cardiomyopathy and myocarditis monitoring: A systematic review. Schizophrenia research, 199, 17–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2018.03.006
Adverse effects of antipsychotic medications
Muench, J., & Hamer, A. M. (2010). Adverse effects of antipsychotic medications. American family physician, 81(5), 617–622.
Pharmacologic management of acute and tardive extrapyramidal side effects.
Referenced by speaker see Table 37.1
Pokorna O, Samelson-Jones E. Psychosis. In: Feldman MD, Christensen JF, Satterfield JM, Laponis R. eds. Behavioral Medicine: A Guide for Clinical Practice, 5e. McGraw Hill; 2019. Accessed October 21, 2021. https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.proxygw.wrlc.org/content.aspx?bookid=2747§ionid=230251242

October 8, 2021

Heavy metal poisoning
Ibrahim, D., Froberg, B., Wolf, A., & Rusyniak, D. E. (2006). Heavy metal poisoning: clinical presentations and pathophysiology. Clinics in laboratory medicine, 26(1), 67–viii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2006.02.003
Cadmium poisoning
Bernhoft R. A. (2013). Cadmium toxicity and treatment. The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 394652. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/394652
Lead toxicity
Flora, G., Gupta, D., & Tiwari, A. (2012). Toxicity of lead: A review with recent updates. Interdisciplinary toxicology, 5(2), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10102-012-0009-2
Mercury poisoning
Bernhoft R. A. (2012). Mercury toxicity and treatment: a review of the literature. Journal of environmental and public health, 2012, 460508. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/460508
The FDA's new advice on fish: it's complicated
Wenstrom K. D. (2014). The FDA's new advice on fish: it's complicated. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 211(5), 475–478.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.07.048
FDA: Advice about Eating Fish For Women Who Are or Might Become Pregnant, Breastfeeding Mothers, and Young Children
U.S. Food & Drug Administration (2020). Advice about Eating Fish
For Women Who Are or Might Become Pregnant, Breastfeeding Mothers, and Young Children. Content current as of:
12/29/2020

October 6, 2021

Pulmonary embolism review including clinical probability scores
Duffett, L., Castellucci, L. A., & Forgie, M. A. (2020). Pulmonary embolism: update on management and controversies. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 370, m2177. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2177
Luftsichel sign - chest x-ray
Neelakantan, S., Anandarajan, R., Swamy, A. K., & Hoisala, R. (2016). Luftsichel sign. BMJ case reports, 2016, bcr2016216551. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2016-216551
Post-obstructive pneumonia
Rolston, K., & Nesher, L. (2018). Post-Obstructive Pneumonia in Patients with Cancer: A Review. Infectious diseases and therapy, 7(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-018-0185-2
Pericardial effusion
Imazio, M., Gaido, L., Battaglia, A., & Gaita, F. (2017). Contemporary management of pericardial effusion: practical aspects for clinical practice. Postgraduate medicine, 129(2), 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2017.1285676
Lithium toxicity
Baird-Gunning, J., Lea-Henry, T., Hoegberg, L., Gosselin, S., & Roberts, D. M. (2017). Lithium Poisoning. Journal of intensive care medicine, 32(4), 249–263. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066616651582

September 29, 2021

Muscle Weakness in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
Larson ST, Wilbur J. Muscle Weakness in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2020 Jan 15;101(2):95-108. PMID: 31939642.
Polycythemia definition
Adamson J.W., & Longo D.L. (2018). Anemia and polycythemia. Jameson J, & Fauci A.S., & Kasper D.L., & Hauser S.L., & Longo D.L., & Loscalzo J(Eds.), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20e. McGraw Hill. https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.proxygw.wrlc.org/content.aspx?bookid=2129§ionid=192014145
Primary and secondary erythrocytoses/polycythemias
Prchal J.T. (2021). Primary and secondary erythrocytoses/polycythemias. Kaushansky K, & Prchal J.T., & Burns L.J., & Lichtman M.A., & Levi M, & Linch D.C.(Eds.), Williams Hematology, 10e. McGraw Hill. https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.proxygw.wrlc.org/content.aspx?bookid=2962§ionid=252530246
Hepa to cellular carcinoma
Llovet JM, Kelley RK, Villanueva A, Singal AG, Pikarsky E, Roayaie S, Lencioni R, Koike K, Zucman-Rossi J, Finn RS. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Jan 21;7(1):6. doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3. PMID: 33479224.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Villanueva A. Hepatocellular Carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019 Apr 11;380(15):1450-1462. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1713263. PMID: 30970190.

September 24, 2021

Hyponatremia
Referenced by speaker
Chapter 15 Disorders of Water Balance from Disorders of Water Balance (11th ed)
Acute and Chronic Hyponatremia
Kheetan, M., Ogu, I., Shapiro, J. I., & Khitan, Z. J. (2021). Acute and Chronic Hyponatremia. Frontiers in medicine, 8, 693738. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.693738
Osmotic demyelination syndrome
King, J. D., & Rosner, M. H. (2010). Osmotic demyelination syndrome. The American journal of the medical sciences, 339(6), 561–567. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181d3cd78
Hypokalemia
Kardalas, E., Paschou, S. A., Anagnostis, P., Muscogiuri, G., Siasos, G., & Vryonidou, A. (2018). Hypokalemia: a clinical update. Endocrine connections, 7(4), R135–R146. https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0109

September 23, 2021

Approach to pancytopenia
Gnanaraj J, Parnes A, Francis CW, Go RS, Takemoto CM, Hashmi SK. Approach to pancytopenia: Diagnostic algorithm for clinical hematologists. Blood Rev. 2018 Sep;32(5):361-367. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2018.03.001. Epub 2018 Mar 5. PMID: 29555368.
Human babesiosis: recent advances and future challenges
Lobo CA, Singh M, Rodriguez M. Human babesiosis: recent advances and future challenges. Curr Opin Hematol. 2020 Nov;27(6):399-405. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000606. PMID: 32889826.
Malaria
Ashley EA, Pyae Phyo A, Woodrow CJ. Malaria. Lancet. 2018 Apr 21;391(10130):1608-1621. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30324-6. Epub 2018 Apr 6. PMID: 29631781.
Severe malaria. Current concepts and practical overview
Mer M, Dünser MW, Giera R, Dondorp AM. Severe malaria. Current concepts and practical overview: What every intensivist should know. Intensive Care Med. 2020 May;46(5):907-918. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06019-0. Epub 2020 Apr 28. Erratum in: Intensive Care Med. 2020 Jul;46(7):1518-1519. PMID: 32347322.
Cerebral malaria
Luzolo AL, Ngoyi DM. Cerebral malaria. Brain Res Bull. 2019 Feb;145:53-58. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.010. Epub 2019 Jan 15. PMID: 30658131.

September 17, 2021

Adult-onset male hypogonadism
Salonia A, Rastrelli G, Hackett G, Seminara SB, Huhtaniemi IT, Rey RA, Hellstrom WJG, Palmert MR, Corona G, Dohle GR, Khera M, Chan YM, Maggi M. Paediatric and adult-onset male hypogonadism. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019 May 30;5(1):38. doi: 10.1038/s41572-019-0087-y. PMID: 31147553; PMCID: PMC6944317.
Diagnosis and treatment of hypogonadism in men
Bhasin S, Basaria S. Diagnosis and treatment of hypogonadism in men. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Apr;25(2):251-70. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2010.12.002. PMID: 21397197.
Guideline: Assessment and Management of Testosterone Deficiency in Adult Men
Dean JD, McMahon CG, Guay AT, Morgentaler A, Althof SE, Becher EF, Bivalacqua TJ, Burnett AL, Buvat J, El Meliegy A, Hellstrom WJ, Jannini EA, Maggi M, McCullough A, Torres LO, Zitzmann M. The International Society for Sexual Medicine's Process of Care for the Assessment and Management of Testosterone Deficiency in Adult Men. J Sex Med. 2015 Aug;12(8):1660-86. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12952. PMID: 26081680.
Guideline: Investigation, treatment and monitoring of late-onset (over 60) hypogonadism in males
Wang C, Nieschlag E, Swerdloff RS, Behre H, Hellstrom WJ, Gooren LJ, Kaufman JM, Legros JJ, Lunenfeld B, Morales A, Morley JE, Schulman C, Thompson IM, Weidner W, Wu FC. ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA and ASA recommendations: investigation, treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males. Aging Male. 2009 Mar;12(1):5-12. doi: 10.1080/13685530802389628. PMID: 18763169.
Klinefelter syndrome: From pediatrics to geriatrics
Shiraishi K, Matsuyama H. Klinefelter syndrome: From pediatrics to geriatrics. Reprod Med Biol. 2018 Dec 8;18(2):140-150. doi: 10.1002/rmb2.12261. PMID: 30996677; PMCID: PMC6452011.
Kallman syndrome and central non-obstructive azoospermia
Thakker S, Persily J, Najari BB. Kallman syndrome and central non-obstructive azoospermia. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Dec;34(6):101475. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101475. Epub 2020 Dec 1. PMID: 33419659.

September 15, 2021

Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia (includes pathophysiology review)
Tinawi M. Disorders of Calcium Metabolism: Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia. Cureus. 2021 Jan 1;13(1):e12420. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12420. PMID: 33542868; PMCID: PMC7849212.
The diagnosis and management of hypercalcaemia
Minisola S, Pepe J, Piemonte S, Cipriani C. The diagnosis and management of hypercalcaemia. BMJ. 2015 Jun 2;350:h2723. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h2723. PMID: 26037642.
Genetic hypercalcemia
Cormier C. Genetic hypercalcemia. Joint Bone Spine. 2019 Jul;86(4):459-466. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.10.001. Epub 2018 Oct 6. PMID: 30300686.
Hypercalcemia in Malignancy
Feldenzer KL, Sarno J. Hypercalcemia of Malignancy. J Adv Pract Oncol. 2018 Jul-Aug;9(5):496-504. Epub 2018 Jul 1. PMID: 31086686; PMCID: PMC6505545.
Multiple myeloma
van de Donk NWCJ, Pawlyn C, Yong KL. . Lancet. 2021 Jan 30;397(10272):410-427. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00135-5. PMID: 33516340.

September 10, 2021

HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis
Khalili J, Landovitz RJ. HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis-The Role of Primary Care Clinicians in Ending the HIV Epidemic. JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Jan 1;180(1):126-130. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5456. PMID: 31738380.
Antiretroviral Drugs for Treatment and Prevention of HIV Infection in Adults
Saag MS, Gandhi RT, Hoy JF, Landovitz RJ, Thompson MA, Sax PE, Smith DM, Benson CA, Buchbinder SP, Del Rio C, Eron JJ Jr, Fätkenheuer G, Günthard HF, Molina JM, Jacobsen DM, Volberding PA. Antiretroviral Drugs for Treatment and Prevention of HIV Infection in Adults: 2020 Recommendations of the International Antiviral Society-USA Panel. JAMA. 2020 Oct 27;324(16):1651-1669. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17025. PMID: 33052386.
CDC HIV Risk Reduction Tool
Cost of Descovy vs Truvada
The lowest GoodRx price for the most common version of Descovy is around $1,908.22, 17% off the average retail price of $2,311.59.
The lowest GoodRx price for the most common version of generic Truvada is around $39.00, 97% off the average retail price of $1,840.09.
Prep during pregnancy
Ruppe LB, Spencer LA, Kriebs JM. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Infection and the Role of the Women's Health Care Provider in HIV Prevention. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2021 May;66(3):322-333. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.13231. Epub 2021 Jun 4. PMID: 34086396.

September 9, 2021

The vaso-occlusive pain crisis in sickle cell disease
Darbari DS, Sheehan VA, Ballas SK. The vaso-occlusive pain crisis in sickle cell disease: Definition, pathophysiology, and management. Eur J Haematol. 2020 Sep;105(3):237-246. doi: 10.1111/ejh.13430. Epub 2020 May 19. PMID: 32301178.
Strategies for managing transfusional iron overload
Sheth S. Strategies for managing transfusional iron overload: conventional treatments and novel strategies. Curr Opin Hematol. 2019 May;26(3):139-144. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000499. PMID: 30855336.
Sickle cell complications
Abboud MR. Standard management of sickle cell disease complications. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther. 2020 Jun;13(2):85-90. doi: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2019.12.007. Epub 2020 Mar 12. PMID: 32202245.
American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: transfusion support
Chou ST, Alsawas M, Fasano RM, Field JJ, Hendrickson JE, Howard J, Kameka M, Kwiatkowski JL, Pirenne F, Shi PA, Stowell SR, Thein SL, Westhoff CM, Wong TE, Akl EA. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease: transfusion support. Blood Adv. 2020 Jan 28;4(2):327-355. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001143. PMID: 31985807; PMCID: PMC6988392.
Transfusion support in patients with sickle cell disease
Sharma D, Ogbenna AA, Kassim A, Andrews J. Transfusion support in patients with sickle cell disease. Semin Hematol. 2020 Apr;57(2):39-50. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2020.07.007. Epub 2020 Jul 28. PMID: 32892842.
Leptospirosis
Karpagam KB, Ganesh B. Leptospirosis: a neglected tropical zoonotic infection of public health importance-an updated review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020 May;39(5):835-846. doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03797-4. Epub 2020 Jan 2. PMID: 31898795.

September 3, 2021

Approach to Patients With High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis: Core Curriculum 2021
Fenves AZ, Emmett M. Approach to Patients With High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis: Core Curriculum 2021. Am J Kidney Dis. 2021 Aug 13:S0272-6386(21)00623-5. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.02.341. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34400023.
Acute kidney injury
Kellum JA, Romagnani P, Ashuntantang G, Ronco C, Zarbock A, Anders HJ. Acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Jul 15;7(1):52. doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00284-z. PMID: 34267223.
Diagnosis and treatment of acute tubular necrosis
Esson ML, Schrier RW. Diagnosis and treatment of acute tubular necrosis. Ann Intern Med. 2002 Nov 5;137(9):744-52. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-137-9-200211050-00010. PMID: 12416948.
Renal failure secondary to acute tubular necrosis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management
Gill N, Nally JV Jr, Fatica RA. Renal failure secondary to acute tubular necrosis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Chest. 2005 Oct;128(4):2847-63. doi: 10.1378/chest.128.4.2847. PMID: 16236963.

August 27, 2021

Anaphylaxis: Recognition and Management
Pflipsen MC, Vega Colon KM. Anaphylaxis: Recognition and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2020 Sep 15;102(6):355-362. PMID: 32931210.
Anaphylaxis
LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, Krishnaswamy G. Anaphylaxis. Chest. 2018 Feb;153(2):528-543. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.033. Epub 2017 Aug 8. PMID: 28800865; PMCID: PMC6026262.
Patients Taking β-Blockers Do Not Require Increased Doses of Epinephrine for Anaphylaxis
White JL, Greger KC, Lee S, Kahoud RJ, Li JT, Lohse CM, Campbell RL. Patients Taking β-Blockers Do Not Require Increased Doses of Epinephrine for Anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 Sep-Oct;6(5):1553-1558.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.12.020. Epub 2018 Feb 13. PMID: 29449164.

August 19, 2021

Legionella: a reemerging pathogen
Herwaldt LA, Marra AR. Legionella: a reemerging pathogen. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2018 Aug;31(4):325-333. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000468. PMID: 29794542.
Are Fluoroquinolones or Macrolides Better for Treating Legionella Pneumonia? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Jasper AS, Musuuza JS, Tischendorf JS, Stevens VW, Gamage SD, Osman F, Safdar N. Are Fluoroquinolones or Macrolides Better for Treating Legionella Pneumonia? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Jun 1;72(11):1979-1989. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa441. PMID: 32296816; PMCID: PMC8315122.
Established association of legionella with rhabdomyolysis and renal failure
Soni AJ, Peter A. Established association of legionella with rhabdomyolysis and renal failure: A review of the literature. Respir Med Case Rep. 2019 Oct 28;28:100962. doi: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2019.100962. PMID: 31720209; PMCID: PMC6838801.

August 10, 2021

Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage
Newsome BR, Morales JE. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. South Med J. 2011 Apr;104(4):269-74. doi: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3182126d3b. PMID: 21606695.
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
Saha BK. Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis: A state of the art review. Respir Med. 2021 Jan;176:106234. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106234. Epub 2020 Nov 17. PMID: 33246295.

August 6, 2021

Peripheral arterial disease
Conte SM, Vale PR. Peripheral Arterial Disease. Heart Lung Circ. 2018 Apr;27(4):427-432. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.10.014. Epub 2017 Nov 7. PMID: 29150158.
Subclavian steal syndrome
Potter BJ, Pinto DS. Subclavian steal syndrome. Circulation. 2014 Jun 3;129(22):2320-3. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006653. PMID: 24891625.
Leriche syndrome
Brown KN, Muco E, Gonzalez L. Leriche Syndrome. 2021 Jul 11. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan–. PMID: 30855836.
Cardiac rehabilitation
Simon M, Korn K, Cho L, Blackburn GG, Raymond C. Cardiac rehabilitation: A class 1 recommendation. Cleve Clin J Med. 2018 Jul;85(7):551-558. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.85a.17037. PMID: 30004380.

July 16, 2021

Stimulant and Designer Drug Use: Primary Care Management
Clinical effects and treatment of persons who use cocaine, methamphetamines, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), synthetic cannabinoids, and synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”).
Klega AE, Keehbauch JT. Stimulant and Designer Drug Use: Primary Care Management. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Jul 15;98(2):85-92. PMID: 30215997.
Urine Drug Tests: Ordering and Interpreting Results.
Kale N. Urine Drug Tests: Ordering and Interpreting Results. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Jan 1;99(1):33-39. PMID: 30600984.
Clinical Interpretation of Urine Drug Tests: What Clinicians Need to Know About Urine Drug Screens.
Moeller KE, Kissack JC, Atayee RS, Lee KC. Clinical Interpretation of Urine Drug Tests: What Clinicians Need to Know About Urine Drug Screens. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017 May;92(5):774-796. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.12.007. Epub 2017 Mar 18. PMID: 28325505.
Screening for Unhealthy Drug Use: Recommendation Statement
Putting the MD back into MDMA
Nutt DJ, de Wit H. Putting the MD back into MDMA. Nat Med. 2021 Jun;27(6):950-951. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01385-8. PMID: 34031606.
Inhalants
Schwarz ES. Inhalants. Crit Care Clin. 2021 Jul;37(3):687-702. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.03.014. PMID: 34053714.
PCP
Journey JD, Bentley TP. Phencyclidine Toxicity. 2020 Nov 18. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan–. PMID: 29939642.
Sex and Gender Differences in Substance Use
For most age groups, men have higher rates of use or dependence on illicit drugs and alcohol than do women.However, women are just as likely as men to develop a substance use disorder. In addition, women may be more susceptible to craving and relapse, which are key phases of the addiction cycle.
Research has shown that women often use drugs differently, respond to drugs differently, and can have unique obstacles to effective treatment as simple as not being able to find child care or being prescribed treatment that has not been adequately tested on women.
Treatment of opioid use disorder in primary care
Buresh M, Stern R, Rastegar D. Treatment of opioid use disorder in primary care. BMJ. 2021 May 19;373:n784. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n784. PMID: 34011512.
Hallucinogen Use Disorders
Hardaway R, Schweitzer J, Suzuki J. Hallucinogen Use Disorders. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2016 Jul;25(3):489-96. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2016.03.006. Epub 2016 Apr 18. PMID: 27338969.

July 14, 2021

Diagnosis and Management of Dementia
Arvanitakis Z, Shah RC, Bennett DA. Diagnosis and Management of Dementia: Review. JAMA. 2019 Oct 22;322(16):1589-1599. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.4782. PMID: 31638686; PMCID: PMC7462122.
In the Clinic: Dementia
Oh ES, Rabins PV. Dementia. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Sep 3;171(5):ITC33-ITC48. doi: 10.7326/AITC201909030. PMID: 31476229.
Brief Cognitive Testing in the Detection and Diagnosis of Clinical Alzheimer-Type Dementia
Saguil A, Buck E. Brief Cognitive Testing in the Detection and Diagnosis of Clinical Alzheimer-Type Dementia. Am Fam Physician. 2021 Feb 1;103(3):183-185. PMID: 33507046.
Update on HIV dementia and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Brew BJ, Chan P. Update on HIV dementia and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2014 Aug;14(8):468. doi: 10.1007/s11910-014-0468-2. PMID: 24938216.
Alzheimer disease
Knopman DS, Amieva H, Petersen RC, Chételat G, Holtzman DM, Hyman BT, Nixon RA, Jones DT. Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 May 13;7(1):33. doi: 10.1038/s41572-021-00269-y. PMID: 33986301.
Why is amyloid-β decreased in the CSF of Alzheimer Disease patients?
Lee JC, Kim SJ, Hong S, Kim Y. Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease utilizing amyloid and tau as fluid biomarkers. Exp Mol Med. 2019 May 9;51(5):1-10. doi: 10.1038/s12276-019-0250-2. PMID: 31073121; PMCID: PMC6509326.
Schizophrenia vs AD
Mohammadi A, Amooeian VG, Rashidi E. Dysfunction in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling Pathway and Susceptibility to Schizophrenia, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Diseases. Curr Gene Ther. 2018;18(1):45-63. doi: 10.2174/1566523218666180302163029. PMID: 29512462.

July 7, 2021

Multiple sclerosis
Reich DS, Lucchinetti CF, Calabresi PA. Multiple Sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jan 11;378(2):169-180. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1401483. PMID: 29320652; PMCID: PMC6942519.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review
McGinley MP, Goldschmidt CH, Rae-Grant AD. Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review. JAMA. 2021 Feb 23;325(8):765-779. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.26858. Erratum in: JAMA. 2021 Jun 1;325(21):2211. PMID: 33620411.
Typical MRI findings CIS
Miller DH, Chard DT, Ciccarelli O. Clinically isolated syndromes. Lancet Neurol. 2012 Feb;11(2):157-69. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70274-5. PMID: 22265211.

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